Is it permissible to put the sperm of the husband and the egg from the wife in the womb of the second wife?

Question

Praise be to Allah.

This method of fertilization, which involves placing the egg
with the husband’s sperm in the womb of the other wife, is a method that is
not acceptable according to sharee’ah, and a large number of scholars are of
the view that it is haraam. Statements were issued concerning it by the
Islamic Fiqh Council of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) and
by the Islamic Fiqh Council of the Muslim World League. Those who initially
said that this method was permissible later retracted their view. There
follows some of what was said in those statements.

1 – Statement of the Islamic Fiqh Council of the Organization
of the Islamic Conference (OIC).

The meeting of the Islamic Fiqh Council held on 8 – 13 Safar
1407 AH (11–16 October 1986).

After examining the subject of artificial fertilization
–“test-tube babies” – by studying the research presented and listening to
comments of experts and doctors, and after discussion, the Council reached
the following conclusions:

The methods of artificial fertilization that are known
nowadays are seven:

i.Where fertilization occurs
between the sperm taken from the husband and an egg taken from a woman who
is not his wife, then the embryo is implanted in his wife’s uterus.

ii.Where fertilization occurs
between the sperm of a man other than the husband and the wife’s egg, then
the embryo is implanted in the wife’s uterus.

iii.Where fertilization occurs
between the sperm and egg of the couple, and the embryo is implanted in the
uterus of a woman who volunteers to carry it (surrogate motherhood).

iv.Where fertilization occurs
outside the womb between the sperm and egg of strangers, then the embryo is
implanted in the wife’s uterus.

v.Where fertilization occurs
outside the womb between the sperm and egg of the couple, then the embryo is
implanted in the uterus of the other wife.

vi.Where sperm is taken from the
husband and an egg is taken from the wife, and fertilization occurs outside
the womb, then the embryo is implanted in the wife’s uterus.

vii.Where sperm is taken from the
husband and placed in the wife’s vagina or uterus so that fertilization may
take place inside her body.

It was determined that the first five methods are all haraam
according to sharee’ah and are forbidden completely in and of themselves, or
because of the results to which they will lead, such as mixing of lineages,
loss of motherhood and other things that are forbidden according to
sharee’ah.

With regard to the sixth and seventh methods, the committee
thinks that there is nothing wrong with resorting to them in cases of need,
after emphasizing that it is essential to take all necessary precautions.
End quote.

Majallat al-Majma’ (3/1/423).

2 –Statement issued by the Islamic Fiqh Council of the Muslim
World League:

The Islamic Fiqh Council, in its eighth session held at the
headquarters of the Muslim World League in Makkah al-Mukarramah, from
Saturday 18 Rabee’ al-Aakhir until Monday 7 Jumaada al-Oola 1405 AH (19-28
January 1985), examined the remarks submitted by some of its members
concerning what the Council had declared permissible … with regard to
artificial fertilization and test-tube babies, which was issued in its
seventh session, held between 11-16 Rabee’ al-Aakhir 1404 AH, where it
says:

“The seventh method, in which the sperm and egg are taken
from the couple and, after fertilization in a laboratory vessel, the embryo
is implanted in the womb of another wife of the same man, as she volunteers
to carry this pregnancy of behalf of her co-wife whose womb has been removed
– it seems to the committee that this is permissible in cases of need and
subject to the general conditions mentioned previously.”

The remarks may be summed up as follows:

The other wife in whose womb the embryo from the egg of the
first wife is implanted may become pregnant with a second child before the
embryo becomes established in her womb, as the result of relations with her
husband around the time of the implanting of the embryo, then she may give
birth to twins and it may not be known which child resulted from the
(implanted) embryo and which resulted from relations with the husband, and
it may not be known which wife is the mother of the child who resulted from
the (implanted) embryo and which is the mother of the child who resulted
from relations with the husband. Similarly, one of the two embryos may die
at the ‘alaqah or mudghah stage but not be expelled from the uterus until
the other child is born, and it may also not be known whether he is the
child that resulted from the (implanted) embryo or from relations with the
husband. This means that there is confusion as to who the real mother is and
there is mixing of lineages which affects a number of rulings. All of this
means that the Council must retract their rulings in the case mentioned.

The Council has also listened to the opinions presented by
doctors and obstetricians who attended the meeting and who pointed to the
possibility of the other pregnancy being miscarried as the result of marital
relations with the woman who is carrying the embryo, and confusion of
lineages as mentioned above.

After a discussion of the matter and an exchange of opinions,
the Council decided to retract the view that the third type mentioned is
permissible, and in the seventh session, 1404 AH.

Qaraaraat al-Majma’ al-Fiqhi
(pp. 159-161).

Based on that:

It is not permissible to take the husband’s sperm and the
wife’s egg and put the mixture in the womb of another wife of the husband.

And Allaah knows
best.