Status of the Hadeeth: “The most hated thing before Allaah is divorce”

Question

Praise be to Allah.

This
hadeeth is narrated from the trustworthy narrator Mu’arrif ibn Wasil, from
the trustworthy imam Muharib ibn Dathar (d.116 AH), who was one of the
Tabi’een (Successors). But it came from Mu’arrif via two isnads (chains of
transmission).

1 – A
muttasil (connected) isnad from Mu’arrif ibn Wasil, from Muharib, from Ibn
‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Prophet (peace and blessings
of Allah be upon him).

This was
narrated by Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Wahabi, from Mu’arrif, like this with an
isnad, as recorded by Abu Dawood (2178), and via al-Bayhaqi in al-Sunan
al-Kubra (7/322), and Ibn ‘Adiy in al-Kamil (6/2453).

2 – A
mursal isnad (stops at the Successor) from Mu’arrif ibn Wasil, from Muharib
ibn Dathar, from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),
without any mention of Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).

It was
narrated thus by Ahmad ibn Yoonus, Yahya ibn Bakeer and Wakee’ ibn
al-Jarrah.

As
recorded by Abu Dawood in al-Sunan (2177), al-Bayhaqi in al-Sunan al-Kubra
(7/322), Ibn Abi Shaybah in al-Musannaf (5/253); it was also mentioned by
al-Sakhawi in al-Maqasid al-Hasanah (11), and al-Daraqutni in al-‘Ilal
(13/225).

When the
muhaddithoon (scholars of hadeeth) saw that those who narrated it via a
mursal isnad were more trustworthy and more numerous than those who narrated
via a muttasil (connected) isnad, they thought it more likely to be mursal,
and mursal is one of the types of da’eef (weak) hadeeths. They stated that
those who narrated it with a muttasil isnad from Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be
pleased with him) from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him) were either mistaken or confused.

Ibn Abi
Hatim said:

My father
said: It is only Muharib, from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be
upon him). Mursal. End quote.

Al-‘Ilal
(1/431).

Al-Daraqutni (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It is more likely to be
mursal. End quote.

Al-‘Ilal
(13/225).

Al-Bayhaqi
(may Allah have mercy on him) said:

It is
mursal. According to the report of Ibn Abi Shaybah from ‘Abd-Allah ibn ‘Umar
(may Allah be pleased with him) it is mawsool (connected). End quote.

Al-Sunan
al-Kubra (7/322).

Ibn ‘Abd
al-Hadi (may Allah have mercy on him) said of it being mursal: it is more
likely the case. End quote.

Al-Muharrir fi’l-Hadeeth (1/567).

In
al-Maqasid al-Hasanah (p. 11), al-Sakhari thought is more likely to be
mursal. End quote.

Al-Shaykh
Ahmad Shakir (may Allah have mercy on him) said in ‘Umdat al-Tafseer
(1/583): There is some doubt as to whether it is saheeh. End quote.

Al-Albani
said in Irwa’ al-Ghaleel (2040): To sum up: the hadeeth was narrated from
Mu’arrif ibn Wasil by four trustworthy narrators: Muhammad ibn Khalid
al-Wahibi, Ahmad ibn Yoonus, Wakee’ ibn al-Jarrah and Yahya ibn Bakeer.

They
differed concerning it. The first of them narrated it from Muharib ibn
Dathar from Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) in a marfoo’ report
(i.e., attributed to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him)).The others said it was narrated from him from Muharib in a mursal
report.

The one
who has knowledge of hadeeth will not doubt that the narration of these men
is more valid, because they are more numerous and had better memories. They
are all among those whose hadeeth the two Shaykhs (al-Bukhari and Muslim)
narrated in al-Saheehayn. So it comes as no surprise that Ibn Abi Hatim
narrated from his father that the hadeeth is most likely mursal, and that
al-Daraqutni suggested the same in al-‘Ilal, and al-Bayhaqi did likewise, as
al-Hafiz said in al-Talkhees (3/205). Al-Khattabi said something similar and
al-Mundhiri followed him in Mukhtasar al-Sunan (3/92): The well known view
is that it is mursal. End quote.

The
hadeeth has a corroborating report from Mu’adh ibn Jabal (may Allah be
pleased with him), which was narrated by al-Daraqutni in al-Sunan (4/35) and
Ibn ‘Adiy in al-Kamil (2/694), with the wording: “Allah has not permitted
anything more hated to Him than divorce.” And there are other versions, but
its isnad is da’eef jiddan (very weak) and it is not valid to be quoted as
evidence.

But
although it is most likely that the hadeeth cannot be soundly attributed to
the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), its meaning is
sound.

Al-Shaykh
Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

It is
narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:
“The most hated of permissible things to Allah is divorce.” This hadeeth is
not saheeh, but its meaning is sound: Allah hates divorce, but He does not
forbid it to His slaves, so as to make things easier for them. If there is a
legitimate shar’ee (religiously legislated) or regular reason for divorce,
then it is permissible and depends on the likely outcome of keeping this
woman as one’s wife. If keeping her will lead to something that is contrary
to sharee’ah (Islamic law) which cannot be avoided except by divorcing her,
such as if the woman is lacking in religious commitment or chastity, and the
husband cannot set her straight, then in this case we say that it is better
to divorce. But if there is no shar’ee reason or ordinary reason, then it is
better not to divorce, rather in that case divorce is makrooh (disliked).
End quote.

Liqa at
al-bab il-Maftooh, no. 55, question no.3

And Allah
knows best.