When does the time in which it is mustahabb to do ghusl on Friday begin?

Question 1-Is it valid for one to have a bath after maghrib on thursday, is it sufficient enough for him for the friday or must he have a bath again in the morning of Friday? 2-The same question in regard to reading surah Al-Kahf on Thursday evening, or is there any specific timing which the…

Question

1-Is it valid for one to have a bath after maghrib on thursday, is it sufficient enough for him for the friday or must he have a bath again in the morning of Friday?

2-The same question in regard to reading surah Al-Kahf on Thursday evening, or is there any specific timing which the sur’ah should be read on Jummah ?.

Praise be to Allah.

Firstly:

The scholars differed as to when the time for doing ghusl on
Friday begins. The majority (including the Shaafa’is, Hanbalis and Zaahiris)
were of the view that it begins from dawn on Friday. This was narrated from
Ibn ‘Umar (may Allaah be pleased with him).

Al-Khateeb al-Sharbeeni (may Allaah have mercy on him) said
concerning the time for doing ghusl on Friday:

The time for that is the true dawn, because the reports
connected it to the day, such as the words of the Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allaah be upon him): “Whoever does ghusl on Friday then sets out in
the first hour…” So it is not valid if done before then.

And it was said: that the time for it begins halfway through
the night as is the case on Eid.

Doing it close to the time when one goes for Jumu’ah prayer
is better, because it is more likely to achieve the purpose of eliminating
bad smells. If there is a conflict between doing ghusl and going early to
the prayer, then paying attention to ghusl takes priority, as al-Zarkashi
said: because there is a difference of opinion as to whether it is
obligatory. End quote.

Mughni al-Muhtaaj, 1/558.

Al-Bahooti al-Hanbali (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:

The beginning of its time is the break of dawn; doing ghusl
before then is not valid… but it is better to do ghusl just before going to
Jumu’ah, because that is closer to achieving the purpose. End quote.

Kashshaaf al-Qinaa’, 1/150

Ibn Hazm (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:

The first of the times for the ghusl mentioned is just after
dawn breaks on Friday. … we have narrated from Naafi’ from Ibn ‘Umar that he
used to do ghusl after dawn broke on Friday, and that is acceptable as the
ghusl for Jumu’ah. It was narrated from Mujaahid, al-Hasan and Ibraaheem al-Nakha’i
that they said: If a man does ghusl after dawn breaks, that is acceptable.
End quote.

Al-Muhalla, 1/266

According to Imam Maalik, the time for ghusl on Friday begins
just before going to the prayer, and it is not acceptable except at the time
of going; if a person does ghusl after dawn and does not go to the mosque
straightaway, that is not acceptable and it is recommended for him to repeat
it.

Al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:

if he does ghusl for Friday before dawn, that is not
acceptable according to the sound opinion of our madhhab, and this is also
the view of the majority of scholars, but al-Awzaa’i said that it is
acceptable.

If he does ghusl for Jumu’ah after dawn has broken, it is
acceptable in our view and in the view of the majority. This was narrated by
Ibn al-Mundhir from al-Hasan, Mujaahid, al-Nakha’i, al-Thawri, Ahmad, Ishaaq
and Abu Thawr.

Maalik said: It is not valid except when going to Jumu’ah.

All of them say that it is not acceptable before dawn, apart
from al-Awzaa’i who said: it is acceptable for him to do ghusl before dawn
for both janaabah and Jumu’ah. End quote.

Al-Majmoo’, 4/408; see also Haashiyat al-‘Adawi,
1/379; al-Taaj wa’l-Ikleel, 2/543.

The first view (that the time for it begins at the break of
dawn) was favoured by Shaykh Ibn Baaz (may Allaah have mercy on him), and we
have quoted his fatwa concerning that in the answer to question number
14073. Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen
(may Allaah have mercy on him) said: Ghusl for Jumu’ah begins at the break
of dawn, but it is better not to do ghusl until after the sun has risen,
because the day has certainly begun after sunrise, and because the time
before sunrise is the time for Fajr prayer, and the time for Fajr prayer has
not ended yet, so it is better not to do ghusl until after the sun has
risen. Then it is better not to do ghusl until the time for going to Jumu’ah,
so that he will be going to Jumu’ah immediately after purifying himself. End
quote.

Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn ‘Uthaymeen,
16/142

Secondly:

With regard to the time when it is mustahabb to recite Soorat
al-Kahf on Friday, it is from sunset on Thursday until sunset on Friday,
because the hadeeths encourage reading it on Friday and the night of Friday
(i.e., the night before Friday). This has been explained in the answer to
question number 10700.

And Allaah knows best.

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